Since it was rediscovered in 1912, scholars have been trying to decode the unknown script and bizarre illustrations inside the 15th-century Voynich Manuscript — but to this day, nobody knows exactly what the book is about.
IanDagnall Computing / Alamy Stock PhotoThe Voynich Manuscript , an illustrated leaf-book from the fifteenth C that is deal - written in an obscure handwriting .
In 1912 , a Polish Scripture trader by the name of Wilfrid Voynich purchased a unfeignedly bizarre manuscript . Consisting of around 240 Thomas Nelson Page , the early fifteenth - century manuscript was handwriting - write entirely in an nameless language and boast various illustration of multitude , fictitious plants , astrological symbols , and other fantastical images . Known now as the Voynich Manuscript , this text has remained the earth ’s most mysterious book for more than 600 year .
Since Wilfrid Voynich buy the book in 1912 , it has been test and read by a litany of scholar , let in cryptographers and military codebreakers , all of whom were unsuccessful in their attempts to decode the holograph .
IanDagnall Computing / Alamy Stock PhotoThe Voynich Manuscript, an illustrated codex from the 15th century that is hand-written in an unknown script.
In 1969 , the book was donate to Yale University , where it was held in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library . Then , in 2020 , Yale upload the total Voynich Manuscript to its online digital library , allowing it to be access in full for the first prison term by anyone on the planet .
Now , only sentence will tell if its widespread availability will unknot the mystery at last .
Like this gallery?Share it :
An illustration of a face inside of a ring found in the Voynich Manuscript.
Wilfrid Voynich’s Mysterious Manuscript
Wilfrid Voynich was born Michał Habdank - Wojnicz on Nov. 12 , 1865 , in the town of Telšiai , now a part of Lithuania . He attended secondary school in the Polish town of Suwałki before go on to canvass at the universities of Warsaw , St. Petersburg , and Moscow , eventually graduating from the latter with a alchemy degree .
In 1885 , Voynich was arrested by Russian constabulary for attempting to free member of the revolutionary movementProletariatand send off to a Siberian work cantonment . In 1890 , however , Voynich managed to get off , and he was populate in London by the death of the year .
He continued to support anti - czarist organizations until 1895 , when the destruction of a fellow conspirator convinced him to step aside from the suit . That ’s when he began his work as a seller of rare and antique al-Qur’an .
Public DomainWilfrid Voynich among his al-Qur’an .
Voynich opened his first bookstall in London ’s Soho Square in 1898 , and he quickly turn up himself to either be incredibly keen or incredibly lucky when it came to find rarefied ledger . He settle down in for a new life in London , marry another former revolutionary , Ethel Boole , and becoming a naturalized citizen of Britain in 1904 , upon which he took the effectual name Wilfrid Michael Voynich .
Then , in 1912 , a group of Jesuits from Ghislieri College in Italy began auctioning off some of the Quran held in their depository library . Most of them were sold to the Vatican , but Voynich handle to acquire several intensity from them — including one that would come to be known as the Voynich Manuscript .
In 1914 , Voynich opened a second book fund in New York . He try for long time to work out the manuscript ’s mystery and trace its origin , but unfortunately , he died before he could learn anything more about it .
Efforts To Decipher The Voynich Manuscript
Upon Voynich ’s death in 1930 , possession of the strange holograph was passed to his wife , who then bequeathed it to a close friend , Anne Nill , upon her own last in 1960 . A year later on , Nill sell the book to another outmoded book trader by the name of Hans P. Kraus . Kraus never could obtain an interested buyer , however , and so in 1969 , he donated the book to Yale University , where it was catalogue as " MS 408 . "
Though many expert from various champaign attempt to decode the outlandish work over the take after decades , the Voynich Manuscript ’s true import proved to be elusive , even for the most skilled of codebreakers .
It is a thick manuscript , more closely resemble a modern Word of God than a medieval scroll . Some of its Thomas Nelson Page fold out into complex diagram . It is written in an entirely unidentified terminology , now referred to as " Voynichese . " Among various illustrations of astrological symbols and seemingly fictitious plants are drawings of bare people bathing and fantastical creatures like dragons .
Wikimedia CommonsA group of bathing nymph depicted in the Voynich Manuscript .
Over the class , countless hypothesis about the Voynich Manuscript have come up . One expert claimed it was a char ’s wellness manual , while others believe that Voynich himself created it as a hoax . Stranger theories intimate it could have issue forth from another planet — or perhaps even another universe .
It has remained such an peculiarity and is so difficult to decipher and interpret that experts such as physicist Andreas Schinner have referred to the record as " pure toxicant " for scholars because , as he toldUndark , there is " always an sluttish choice to make a ridiculous mistake . "
Schinner previously canvass the manuscript himself by applying statistical analytics , but his tests did not unlock all of the manuscript ’s secret .
Ultimately , Schinner ’s research found that the text within the Voynich Manuscript was not a natural , structured words but rather a random drawing string of characters . He after blow up on that hypothesis , proposing a potential generating algorithm for the text and indicate that it was created as a medieval hoax — in effect , that the schoolbook is meaningless .
But other studies have found the exact inverse , with some claiming that it was save in some new , unknown language and others theorizing that it was a strange version of Latin , Hebrew , or Turkish .
Ultimately , there are still many unknowns with the Voynich Manuscript — but there are a few key pieces of info researchers have discovered in recent days .
What Researchers Have Learned About The Voynich Manuscript
advanced technology has lastly spread the tract to decode the Voynich Manuscript , and while no one has yet reap what its words say , there have been a numeral of revelation about the holograph since it first entered Voynich ’s hand .
In January 2023,The artistry Newspaperreported that investigator Stefan Guzy had potentially retrace back the ownership of the Voynich Manuscript .
" My estimation was to pile up all Christian Bible - concern dealings by analysing the imperial history books of the Hofkammer ( Imperial Chamber ) in Vienna and Prague , where all ingoing and outgoing letters were registered , " Guzy said . " If there was any transaction involving 600 gold coin , then the probability was pretty high that this learning was the one mentioned in the Marci missive . "
The Marci letter refers to the seventeenth - century royal doctor Johannes Marcus Marci , who meet the Voynich Manuscript from its previous owner , the alchemist Georg Baresch .
Public DomainJohannes Marcus Marci , a minister of religion of Charles University in Prague .
Marci was in even correspondence with the Jesuit scholar Athanasius Kircher , and so a few old age after gain the ms , he post it off to Kircher alongside acover letter of the alphabet , in which he save : " This account book , will to me by an inner friend , I destined for you , my very costly Athanasius , as shortly as it issue forth into my will power , for I was convinced that it could be read by no one except yourself . "
It was thanks to this letter of the alphabet that Guzy was able-bodied to trace the ownership of the Quran further back . He come upon that it had once been in the possession of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II , who purchased it from an unnamed seller for 600 ducats between 1576 and 1612 .
However , depth psychology has shew that the manuscript was originally created during the 15th C , roughly 150 years before Rudolf obtained it .
Guzy then learn that phonograph record from 1599 show that Rudolf purchased a collection of manuscript from the physician Carl Widemann for 600 florin — a eccentric of aureate coin — which may have been what Marci referred to in his letter .
Widemann lived in the home of botanist Leonard Rauwolf , and he set out sell books to the emperor after Rauwolf and his wife passed away .
" I accept that [ Widemann ] probably inherited some books from him , " Guzy said .
But the lead finish there . It ’s unreadable how Rauwolf first add up into possession of the playscript , and it does n’t answer the interrogation of who wrote it . This newfangled grounds does , however , prevail out any suggestions that Voynich himself forge the book , as radiocarbon dating confirmed it was indite sometime in the early 1400s . It also rein out Voynich ’s own theory that the body of work was written by Roger Bacon , a thirteenth - century mendicant and philosopher .
Despite all of this , however , the mystery of the Voynich Manuscript know on .
After learning about the Voynich Manuscript , the most mysterious script in the human beings , go inside the monolithic medieval holograph known as theCodex Gigas — or the " Devil ’s Bible . " Then , look through thesesurprisingly lousy illustrationsfound in medieval manuscript .
Public DomainWilfrid Voynich among his books.
Wikimedia CommonsA group of bathing nymphs depicted in the Voynich Manuscript.
Public DomainJohannes Marcus Marci, a rector of Charles University in Prague.
